Shojuro Yamauchi has worked in the anime field as both a key animator and as an animation director over a roughly 30 year period. Yamauchi got his start in the anime industry at Oh Production. His first credit is Jacky, which is a project he worked on in 1977 for Nippon Animation. Around 1983, Yamauchi transferred to Gallop, and it was at this company where he did some key animation work on a couple of Studio Ghibli's films.

In the 1970s, Yamauchi only did work as a key animator. His key animator credits for that decade include work on Conan, the Boy in Future (1978), the film Lupin III: The Secret of Mamo (1978), and the film Lupin III: The Castle of Cagliostro (1979).

In the 1980s, Yamauchi did a lot of key animation work, but he also did work as an animation director during that decade. As a key animator, his credits include: the Lupin III television series (1980), Jarinko Chie (1981), the film Urusei Yatsura: Only You (1983), a Sherlock Hound film (1984), the film Urusei Yatsura: Beautiful Dreamer (1984), the film Dagger of Kamui (1985), the film Lupin III: The Legend of the Gold of Babylon (1985), and the film Grave of the Fireflies (1988). In the 1980s, Yamauchi was brought in to help animate the 60th episode of the Urusei Yatsura anime television series; he was asked to help recreate the clock tower from Lupin III: The Castle of Cagliostro for a parody of that film's infamous clock tower scene.

As an animation director, his credits from the 1980s include: Spoon Oba-san (1983), the Sherlock Hound television series (1984), Animated Three Musketeers (1987), Kiteretsu Daihyakka (1988), the One Pound Gospel OAV (1988), and Miracle Giants Domu-kun (1989).

In the 1990s, Yamauchi provided key animation for Fujiko F Fujio no SF Tanpen Theater (1990) and Prince Mackaroo (1998). He also worked as an animation director on Prince Mackaroo. In 1996, Yamauchi also provided character designs for Kochira Katsushika-ku Kamearikouen-mae Hashutsujo.

In the 2000s, Yamauchi has no animation director credits; he only worked as a key animator during that decade. As a key animator, he worked on the Academy Award-winning film Spirited Away (2001), ATASHIn'CHI (2003), the film Kochira Katsushika-ku Kamearikouen-mae Hashutsujo: The Movie 2 (2003), and Kawa no Hikari (2009).

Sadly, Shojuro Yamauchi passed away on Tuesday, August 24, 2010. However, the cause of his death is not known.